# These objects are trillions of kilometers away and 10 billion times the mass of our sun #TEDTalks

## Метаданные

- **Канал:** TED
- **YouTube:** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oOq5jwlZx24
- **Дата:** 21.02.2026
- **Длительность:** 2:36
- **Просмотры:** 23,563
- **Источник:** https://ekstraktznaniy.ru/video/10386

## Описание

Jedidah Isler first fell in love with the night sky as a little girl. Now she's an astrophysicist who studies supermassive hyperactive black holes. In a charming talk, she takes us trillions of kilometers from Earth to introduce us to objects that can be 1 to 10 billion times the mass of the sun — and which shoot powerful jet streams of particles in our direction.

## Транскрипт

### Segment 1 (00:00 - 02:00) []

You're looking at a fly-through of the Hubble Space Telescope Ultra Deep Field, one of the most distant images of our universe ever observed. Everything you see here is a galaxy comprised of billions of stars each. And the farthest galaxy is a trillion kilometers away. The objects that have captivated me from first crush throughout my career are super massive hyperactive black holes weighing 1 to 10 billion times the mass of our own sun. These galactic black holes are devouring material at a rate of upwards of a thousand times more than your average super massive black hole. These two characteristics with a few others make them quazars. At the same time, the objects I study are producing some of the most powerful particle streams ever observed. These narrow streams called jets are moving at 99. 99% of the speed of light and are pointed directly at the earth. These jetted earthed, hyperactive, and super massive black holes are called blazars or blazing quazars. What makes blazars so special is that they're some of the universe's most efficient particle accelerators, transporting incredible amounts of energy throughout a galaxy. Here I'm showing an artist's conception of a blazar. The dinner plate by which material falls onto the black hole is called the accretion disc shown here in blue. Some of that material is slingshotted around the black hole and accelerated to insanely high speeds in the jet shown here in white. Although the blazear system is rare, the process by which nature pulls in material via a disc and then flings some of it out via a jet is more common. will eventually zoom out of the blazear system to show its approximate relationship to the larger galactic context. Beyond the cosmic accounting of what goes in to what goes out, one of the hot topics in Blazar astrophysics right now is where the highest energy jet emission comes from. In this image, I'm interested in where this white blob forms and if as a result there's any relationship between the jet and the accretion disc material. My research shows that in some instances these blobs form much closer to the black hole than we initially thought. As we more confidently localize where these gammaray blobs are forming, we can better understand how jets are being accelerated and ultimately reveal the dynamic processes by which some of the most fascinating objects in our universe are formed.