# Ancient Greek History - Philip II of Macedon is assassinated - 53

## Метаданные

- **Канал:** Historyden
- **YouTube:** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1DSWSdkCYfM
- **Источник:** https://ekstraktznaniy.ru/video/40475

## Транскрипт

### Segment 1 (00:00 - 05:00) []

Phillip in 338 BC after his complete Triumph at the Battle of karenia he stood at the Pinnacle of his power he had defeated all of his opponents through a clever mix of diplomacy and warfare it had been 20 years since he achieved his first victory over the dardanians in 358 BC and now he was absolute Master over Greece but Philip didn't want to press the issue any further his end goal was never to subjugate Greece under tyranny but rather to unify them against a common enemy Persia Persia's recent moves in Phoenicia and Egypt caused alarm that the empire was regaining all of its former glory if the Persians did cross the helis spant Philip could use th as one gigantic Battleground before they even reached Macedon but Philip was determined not to let that happen he wanted to take the fight to the Persians on their own territory it was with that in mind that he formed the league of Corinth in 337 BC All Greek city states joined the Confederation with the lone exception of Sparta of course Sparta had refused to deal with Philip before so this was not too surprising the league guaranteed that all of its members would be given autonomy and freedom from attack and if a member state was attacked the rest would come to its defense Philip was made hegan over the league and each member was required to take a sworn oath to not only the league but also Phillip in a few years thieves would find out what breaking this oath meant in any event one of the first acts of the league was to declare war on Persia and not surprisingly made Phillip the commander although the Greek city states might have been bitterly divided about almost every possible issue the one thing they almost all supported was a campaign against the Persians this had broad support even from notable philosophers and orators such as isocrates in three 36 BC Philip dispatched his leading general palmino to Persia with an army of 10,000 this was more of a expeditionary Force to make preparations for the main Army in addition the Army would free Greeks living on the western coast and islands of Asia Minor interestingly the Persians did nothing to stop parmenio and allowed him to cross the helispot unopposed with everything in place Philip decided to take a well-needed rest and return to Macedonia for a wedding ceremony Philip's daughter Cleopatra of Macedon would marry Alexander I of ayrus this would seal a great alliance between ayus and Macedon the wedding was to take place in the city of AGI was the original capital of Macedon even though the capital of Macedon had since been moved to Pella AGI remained a very important City Royal weddings were still held there and Macedonian Kings were often buried there Justin describes what happened next straight away Philip set in motion plans for gorgeous sacrifices to the gods joined with the wedding of his daughter Cleopatra he wanted as many Greeks as possible to take part in the festivities in honor of the Gods and so he planned brilliant musical contests and lavish Banquets for his friends and guests finally the drinking was over and the start of the game set for the following day while it was still dark the multitude of Spectators hastened into the theater and at Sunrise the parade formed along with a lavish display of every sort Philip included in the procession statues of the TW Gods rought with great Artistry and adorned with a dazzling show of wealth to strike awe and the beholder and along with these was conducted a 13th statue suitable for a God that of Philip himself so that the king exhibited himself enthroned among the 12 gods every seat in the theater was taken when Philip appeared wearing a white cloak and by his Express orders his bodyguard held away from him and followed only at a distance since he wanted to show publicly that he was protected by the goodwi of all Greeks and he had no need of a guard of Spearman end quote at this point diodorus Cuts away from this spectacle and talks about panus to make a long story short penus was a member of Philip's personal guard and according to diodorus he held a personal grudge against Phillip we continue on with the account quote penus posted horses at the Gates of the city and came to the entrance of the theater carrying a Celtic dagger under his cloak when Philip directed his attending friends to proceed him into the theater and while the guards kept their distance he saw that the King was left alone rushed at him pierced him through his ribs and stretched him out dead then ran for the gates and the horses which he had prepared for his flight immediately one group of the bodyguards hurried to the body of the king while the rest poured out in pursuit of the Assassin having a good start Pani would have mounted his

### Segment 2 (05:00 - 08:00) [5:00]

horse before they could catch him had he not caught his boot in a Vine and Fallen as he was scrambling to his feet pricus and the rest came up with him and killed him with their javelins such was the end of Philip who had made himself the greatest of the kings in Europe in his time and because of the extent of his kingdom had made himself a throne companion of the TW Gods end quote and so penus did what no army or general could do before eliminate Phillip and even then it had to be one of Philip's bodyguards and even worse an attack from behind Phillip never stood a chance Philip was given an elaborate funeral and buried in AGI the same city where he was assassinated the tomb was rediscovered in the 20th century and amazingly it laid intact and undisturbed throughout the ages many Treasures were discovered among the most important item found was a silver and gold crown engraved with a Hercules knot It is believed that Philip was actually wearing this during the assassination this was likely crafted by one of the finest Jewelers in the region and the gilding process for the crown would have involved Gold Leaf being burnished on top of silver while there is little doubt that penus assassinated Phillip the motives Behind The Killing are not well understood and probably never will be ancient chroniclers have pointed to penus as having a personal grudge against Phillip they have even pointed the finger at Alexander and his mother as the main consp erators modern historians have poked credible holes in almost all of these suppositions and so the reasons for Philip's assassination are difficult to determine but I will give my personal thoughts on this do I think lowly little penus was the sole person behind all of this no I find that very difficult to believe he must have had some form of help but who is behind this well the problem here is that Philip's meteoric rise made him many enemies both inside and outside Greece you could probably put together a list of suspects so long that it would literally fill up an entire book any one of them could have orchestrated this so This likely will remain one of the greatest cold cases in history in any event the newly crowned Alexander faced immediate dangers from literally every corner of his Kingdom City after City began to threaten or renounce their allegiance advised by his deputies to hold peace conferences Alexander chose the opposite he would crush the resistance he was not about to let the kingdom that his father built from scratch fall apart still the cities around Greece rejoiced thinking that Alexander was no Phillip if they could have traveled 2200 years later they might have had second thoughts after reading one historian's description of Alexander's Ascension to the throne quote we have seen how he came to the throne once fairly seated he speedily showed that though his father had forged the tools he found ready to his hand he himself could wield them with a suddenness boldness and decision of which Philip was probably never capable no man was ever in so full of sense the leader of an army he fought with it commanded it and handled it in an almost superhuman way always an absolute example to soldiers and officers he has nothing from high or low that he was not able to do better himself and willing to undertake end quote