# Neurodivergent Royals & Nobles from History

## Метаданные

- **Канал:** History Tea Time with Lindsay Holiday
- **YouTube:** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvdjhTl33Pk

## Содержание

### [0:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvdjhTl33Pk) Segment 1 (00:00 - 05:00)

Neurode divergent royals and nobles from history. Thank you to Train Well for sponsoring this video. Everyone's brain works differently. This is neurodeiversity and some people's brains work in a way that they may find it difficult to adapt to the expectations of their society. This is neurodeivergent. Today we have diagnosis like autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Down syndrome, Tourett syndrome and dyslexia. But neurodeiversity and neurode divergent people have been part of humanity throughout history. While it is impossible to diagnose someone postumously, there are several prominent historic figures whom historians have observed display characteristics of neurode divergence and whom modern neurode divergent people find they can relate to. Today, let's meet six royals and nobles from history who were likely neurode divergent and one modern future queen who has been open about her diagnosis and experience. Henry III, King of England, may have had autism spectrum disorder. As with all types of neurode divergence, there are many nuances and degrees within the autism spectrum. But some of the common characteristics of ASD include difficulty with social interactions and communication, repetitive movements or speech patterns aka stmming, insistence on routine, intense and highly focused interests, under or over sensitivity to sensory stimulation, difficulty regulating emotions, trouble developing and maintaining relationships. Henry was born in 1207 in Winchester Castle. His father, King John, was forced by his barrens to sign the Magna Carta. Then he lost the crown jewels in the ocean and died of dysentery. So Henry was crowned at the age of nine with a relic borrowed from Edward the Confessor's tomb. His regent, William Marshall, was a famous and popular knight. He defeated the rebellious nobles and secured the kingdom. After his death, Henry took charge, but he was an ineffective leader. Contemporary chronicers described him as simplex, meaning guless or unworldly. Henry did not enjoy the annual progress, traveling the country and meeting his subjects, which was expected of a medieval king. Instead, he invested in a handful of favorite castles. He very much enjoyed the routine of religious ceremonies. He gave generously to charities and was obsessed with Edward the Confessor. He rebuilt the St. King's tomb in Westminster Abbey and had his ancient bones moved there. A monk who met Henry recorded his incredible ability to recite extensive lists of saint kings and German electors. In another instance, the king was riding in a boat down the tempames when a storm suddenly rolled in. He was so incensed by the loud cracks of thunder that he ordered the barge to stop at the nearest dock so he could run inside an unknown house. Henry married Eleanor of Provence and was devoted to her. When their first child was born, Henry chose the Anglo-Saxon and out of fashion name Edward in honor of his Saint King obsession. His majesty baffled his subjects by carefully cataloging each gift sent to the baby prince. If he didn't think the value reflected the wealth of the sender, he bluntly ordered the present returned and a more suitable replacement sent back. Another example of Henry's lack of social awareness came when he was awoken in the night by the sound of an armed intruder in his bed chamber. Failing to equate the situation with danger, Henry struck up a conversation with the wouldbe assassin. Their talking woke the queen, who raised the alarm. The man admitted he'd been hired to murder the king and was torn limb from limb. Henry struggled to maintain friendships. On the bright side, this meant he had no favorites to manipulate him as other rulers had. His relationship with his brother-in-law, Simon Deontford, blew notoriously hot and cold. They were dear friends one minute and arch rivals the next. Eventually, De Manford rebelled, captured the royals, and took over the country. But Prince Edward, now 26, gave his guards the slip. He raised an army, and attacked De Manford at the Battle of

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Eversham. King Henry wasn't much help. Overwhelmed by the noise and stress of battle, the king was found curled into a ball, shouting to be left alone. Henry remained on the throne for another 7 years. Though Prince Edward was now really in charge, Henry III died at 65 with Elellanor by his side. He was buried in Westminster Abbey in a tomb built over the exact spot where St. Edward had rested for two centuries. His reign, though not always successful, lasted for 58 years and held the record for the longest in England for 500 years. A remarkable achievement. Over the last century, treatment of mental health has improved massively. Regular exercise can have a huge positive impact on your wellness. But whether you're neurode divergent or neurotypical, finding a workout routine that works for you and staying motivated is a challenge. Train Well can help. Train Well is the ultimate one-on-one remote personal training service. It provides real human accountability and expert personalization all in a convenient app. I had a call with my awesome trainer, Chris, so we could get to know each other and discuss my fitness goals and challenges. She designed a custom workout just for me, fit to my schedule using the equipment I have access to. The app gives me easy step-by-step instructions, and tells me exactly which muscle groups I'm targeting. I really enjoy the stretches Chris included at the beginning and end. They make the workout feel more well-rounded. And being accountable to Chris and having her motivate me helps me fit workouts into my busy schedule so I can feel my best in body and mind. Use link trainwell. net/holiday to take the quiz and get matched with your personal trainer and start 14 days free with Trainwell. And now back to history. Gaspar de Kusman, Count Duke of Oliveres, may have had Tourett syndrome, which is characterized by repetitive motor ticks like blinking, eye darting, headjerking, touching objects, or stepping in a pattern. Repetitive vocal ticks including grunting, coughing, throat clearing, repeating words or phrases, or using vulgar language. Ticks cannot be easily controlled and often emerge during times of stress. Tourett syndrome is frequently associated with mood and anxiety disorders and obsessivempulsive disorder. Gaspar de Guzman was born in 1587 in Rome where his father, a member of one of Spain's oldest noble families, was ambassador. His mother died soon after his birth and his father brought him up strictly. He returned to Spain to attend university and was a well-trained man of letters and arms. At court, he became the most trusted adviser to Crown Prince Philip. When Philip IV ascended the throne at just 16, he honored his friend with the title Duke of San Luca Lamayor. Gaspar wanted to preserve his family legacy, so he requested to be known by both titles. He was called Count Duke, an honorific unique in Spanish history. The king ordered all papers requiring his royal signature to first be sent to the Count Duke. Thus, Gasbar became the most powerful minister in Spain and was effective prime minister for 22 years. He promoted Philip to the public as the sun king decades before Louis the 14th of France claimed the same moniker. As his majesty's loyal servant, Gaspar took the emblem of a sunflower. He had a passion for work. He rose before dawn, went to confession, woke the king to discuss the day's events, then continued working until 11:00 at night. But he suffered under his tremendous workload. He became increasingly impatient, flew into rages, and refused to listen to advisers. He experienced acute hypersensitivity and extremes of euphoria and vigor followed by dark periods of discouragement and depression. These symptoms indicate a mood disorder which is commonly associated with Tourett syndrome. He was also meticulously detailoriented to the point of obsession. But the most telling characteristic which points modern neurologists to suspect Gaspar had Tourett syndrome are reports of the involuntary movements or ticks he experienced during times of stress. An

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Italian ambassador wrote home to the Meducheese that the Spanish minister suffered continuous and large involuntary movements affecting his body, that is his hands, head, and legs while dealing with the most important affairs with his ministers. Despite his proximity to royalty, Gasbar lived a Spartan private life. He did not enjoy sports or light-hearted entertainment, but he recognized talent when he saw it. He introduced the king to a young artist, Diego Velasquez, now considered one of the greatest painters in Western art. Despite his hard work, his policies were not successful. He involved Spain in the 30 years war on the side of the king's Catholic Hapsburg cousins. But when France joined the other side and won, they shifted the balance of power in their favor. Next, he restarted the 80 years war to maintain Spanish control over the Netherlands. He was more successful in this venture. But to fund these wars, he needed tax revenue. He attempted to reform Spain's many culturally diverse kingdoms into a single political body with the same tax system. The people did not like this and rebellions broke out in Catalonia and Portugal. With Gaspar the focus of blame and his mental health deteriorating, King Philip had no choice but to reluctantly force his dear friend into retirement. Gaspar published an apology which included a condemnation of the Inquisition. This bold act of heresy might have seen him strung up on the rack had he not died of natural causes soon after at the age of 58. Hugh Blair Leair of Borg may have had autism spectrum disorder. He was born in 1708 on the coast of Scotland. When he was eight, his father died and he inherited the layard ship of Borg. He was generally happy and gregarious, but he had little social awareness. He did not realize that his visits to neighbors at all hours of the day and night were inappropriate. He wore strange clothes and spent much of his time wandering the countryside, sometimes for days, walking up to 10 miles from home. In school, he was the target of bullies and was called the dafted lad of Borg. He had no regard for his own status in relation to servants and farmers. He loved to pitch in and labor on the farm or muck out stables. Oblivious to the shock of others, seeing a layered in fine clothes covered in mud. In social situations with other nobles, he relied on his mother to give him cues on when to bow and take off his hat. in order to ensure that Hugh was cared for after her death. His mother arranged his marriage to the daughter of a local surgeon, Nikki Mitchell. The couple got along well and had two children, but Hugh's younger brother, John, was displeased. He took Hugh to court, claiming that he was incapable of understanding a marriage contract and that the union should be anulled. Numerous villagers were paraded through the court, giving account of Hugh's unusual behavior, including collecting bird feathers and twigs, compulsively keeping objects in the same order, requesting the same seat in church every week, and engaging in other repetitive acts, attending every burial in the area regardless of whether he knew the deceased. making unannounced visits to others and copying greetings, but never initiating them. Always wearing the same clothing, which he repaired by sewing patches of new cloth stolen from other people, stripping naked in public when asked to do so. Having an impressive long-term memory, preferring the company of animals to people and allowing his pets to eat off his plate, the judge was sufficiently impressed and did indeed annull Hugh and Nikki's marriage and disinherit their children. Jon became his brother's legal guardian and the next layered of Borg. Despite this, Hugh and Nikki remained together for the rest of their lives. Hugh lived to the ripe old age of 57. He was the subject of a book, Autism in History, the case of Hugh Blair of Borg by Rab Hen and Uda Frith. Empress Elizabeth of Austria may have had attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. ADHD is characterized by executive dysfunction, impulsiveness, disorganization, and problems

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prioritizing, poor time management, problem focusing, trouble multitasking, excessive activity or restlessness, low frustration and stress tolerance, frequent mood swings, and problems completing tasks. Elizabeth, known as by her family, was born on Christmas Eve 1837, the fourth of 10 children of a Bavarian Duke. She had a happy childhood, but struggled to sit still and concentrate in her lessons. She often skipped them to ride her horse in the countryside or play on local farms. She was a sweet and shy girl who preferred to be on her own. She grew into an exquisitely beautiful teenager with long chestnut brown hair. When was 15, she accompanied her mother and elder sister Helen to Austria to meet their 24year-old cousin, Emperor France Ysef. Their mothers expected him to propose to Helen, but he was captivated by Elizabeth and married her in a spectacular ceremony. France Yosesef adored his bride, but she was miserable at the Hofborg palace. She found rigid court etiquette stifling and hated sitting still for hours during dull receptions. Before events, she was anxious and frightened and prone to coughing fits and other health problems. Elizabeth gave birth to her first child just 10 months after the wedding. Her mother-in-law, Sophie, named the baby after herself and snatched her away. She did not allow Elizabeth to breastfeed or otherwise care for her baby. She did the same with the second child, Jazella. Elizabeth begged her husband for support, but he would not stand up to his mother. In 1857, the young family had a chance to get away on a holiday to Hungary. But during the journey, both daughters fell ill. possibly with typhoid. One-year-old Jazella recovered, but 2-year-old Sophie died in her mother's arms. Elizabeth returned to Vienna in a deep depression. While her husband and mother-in-law brushed off her symptoms, her own mother was very concerned. Her solution was for to have another baby ASAP. Crown Prince Rudolph was born a year later. While the baby did not fix Sissy's mental health, the birth of an heir did allow her considerably more freedom and the ability to avoid uncomfortable social obligations. increasingly kept to herself. She enjoyed reading history, philosophy, literature, and learning languages, including Hungarian. She became fixated on the work of radical thinker Hinrich Hine and wrote numerous poems emulating his style. In them, she referred to herself as fairy queen to Tanya. Elizabeth also became obsessed with her health and beauty as this was one of the few things she could control. She was 5'8 and kept her weight under 110 lb. She exercised excessively and had gymnasiums installed in every castle. She went horseback riding for hours. She dieted on raw beef juice, milk, and eggs and often refused to eat for days. She wore tightlaced corsets and her waist was just 16 in circumference. Today, she would likely be diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Another obsession was her hair. Her hairdresser spent 3 hours a day combing and braiding her ankle length dresses. At the end of each session, he had to present the disapproving empress with any strands which had fallen out. When Crown Prince Rudolph was four, his grandmother insisted he be sent to the military. Elizabeth objected and tried to protect her son, but she was overruled. After years of struggling with Sophie, her health was in tatters. Her physician ordered rest and relaxation, so she spent the winter in Portugal. Away from the social expectations of court, her health improved marketkedly. On the journey home, she suffered a severe migraine and vomiting. She left again at the earliest opportunity for the Greek island of Corfu. She spent the rest of her life traveling around Europe and even had her own train, but she couldn't avoid her husband forever. was a champion of the Hungarian people who were oppressed by the Austrian Empire and on the verge of rebellion. She returned to France Ysef and told him she wanted another baby, all the while convincing him to negotiate with the Hungarians. In 1867

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a treaty was signed establishing the dual monarchy of Austria Hungary. Elizabeth gave birth to her fourth and final child, Marie Valerie, in Budapest. The Empress was deeply empathetic to those with mental illness and took a great interest in their care. She visited asylums and advocated for improved modern treatments. She even personally underwent hypnosis, a cuttingedge therapy at the time. As she aged, her obsession with preserving her beauty deepened. She experimented with countless facial creams and tonics, took a cold shower every morning, and an olive oil bath every evening. She slept with a leather face mask filled with crushed strawberries and raw ve. At 32, she decided she did not want her public image of eternal beauty to ever change. So, she refused to sit for portraits or have her photograph taken. In 1889, her 30-year-old son, Rudolph, and his 17-year-old mistress, Baroness Marie Betera, were found dead at his hunting lodge, the result of a murder suicide. Elizabeth was devastated and wore black for the rest of her life. The scandal increased public interest in the elusive empress, much to her distress. France Ysef often expressed his hope that she would stay in Vienna with him, but instead she escaped her sorrows on the road. She traveled incognito and avoided meeting other royals. In 1898, the 60-year-old empress was out for a walk in Geneva, Switzerland. A young man stumbled into her, then took off. The empress collapsed. She had been stabbed in the chest with a 4in needle file. The young man was an anarchist who hoped to assassinate any royal he could find. Elizabeth briefly regained consciousness and was asked if she was in pain. She replied, "No, what happened? " Then drifted out again, never to return. Her body was returned to Vienna where France Ysef wept over her. In the 20th century, syndrome became a popular diagnosis in Germanspeaking countries. It described a particular form of depression in young women characterized by restlessness, impulsiveness, hyperactivity, and mood swings. Symptoms now most often associated with ADHD. Prince John of the United Kingdom may have been autistic. He was born in 1905, the youngest of six children of King George V and Queen Mary of Tech. Johnny, as he was known in the family, was everyone's darling. Though a large healthy baby, by the age of four, he began to show developmental delays. He also suffered epileptic seizures. About 30% of individuals with ASD also have epilepsy. He usually wore a dreamy expression and saw the world in his own way. He made blunt comments which often entertained his relatives. Once when his parents embraced, he exclaimed, "She kissed Papa, ugly old man. " Johnny liked to play pranks. He put glue on doorork knobs and placed pins on sofa cushions. He once burst into a formal dinner with his face painted and hollered at his grandfather Edward IIIth. There is a caterpillar on your peas, but you've eaten it now. At 6, he was not allowed to attend his parents' coronation for fear that he might misbehave and embarrass the family. Despite his father being a harsh disciplinarian with his other siblings, George couldn't bear to admonish his youngest child. He once told US President Theodore Roosevelt, "All my children are obedient except John. " His mother, Mary, worried that he simply didn't understand the need to behave. As Jon grew older, he was allowed to appear more in public with his family. He was educated by tutors with his siblings at the Sandringham estate. When Jon was seven, his last sibling went away to boarding school. But his parents didn't believe Jon capable of attending school. Two years later, World War I broke out and with increased demands on their time, the king and queen were unable to see their youngest child often. Jon was left with his nanny, Charlotte Bill. They moved into Wood Farm on the Sandringham estate. After his 11th birthday, Jon was

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not seen in public again. He was declining physically and mentally due to his epilepsy. and his doctors did not believe he would live to adulthood. His tutors were dismissed and his formal education was stopped. His grandmother, Queen Alexandra of Denmark, visited him often, and the two kept a garden together. The prince was proud of his house and garden, but was lonely. So, his mother broke with royal protocol and invited local children to play with him, which he enjoyed very much. His siblings visited as well, but John's frequent intense seizures distressed them. In 1918, the family spent a happy Christmas together at Sandringham. John died in his sleep. January 18th, 1919 at the age of 13. His mother wrote to a friend, "I cannot say how grateful we are to God for having taken him in such a peaceful way. He slept quietly into his heavenly home. No pain, no struggle, just peace for the poor little troubled spirit. Princess Alexandrin of Prussia had Down syndrome resulting from a full or partial copy of the 21st chromosome. characteristics include distinct facial and body features, including small stature, slanted eyes, and mild to moderate cognitive delays. Alexandrin was born in 1915, while her grandfather Kaiser Wilhelm II was in the midst of World War I. After four sons, Crown Prince Wilhelm and Crown Princess Cecili were thrilled to have a daughter. At the time, it was common for disabled children to be secreted away to institutions, but Alexandrian's parents refused to do so. She was raised alongside her older brothers and one younger sister, Cecile, at the Crown Prince Palace in Berlin. She was cared for primarily by a nurse, Selma Boza. The princess appeared in official family photographs and attended royal events. She was well loved by the public and was called Adini by her adoring family. In 1918, Germany lost the war and in the aftermath, a revolution broke out. The Kaiser and Crown Prince were forced to abdicate and flee to the Netherlands. But Sicili was allowed to remain in Potam with her children. In her teens, Alexandrin attended Trupasha Jehula, the first school in Europe dedicated to the academic and artistic education of children with disabilities. At 21, she moved to Bavaria and lived a quiet life. Her royal connections kept her safe as the Nazis rounded up and murdered thousands of people with disabilities. After the war, Alexandrin purchased a small house near Lake Stanburg where she spent the rest of her life. She lived to 1980, the age of 65, far exceeding the life expectancy of people with Down syndrome at the time. Princess Alexandri was buried near her parents in the garden of Hoen Soler Castle. Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden, has been public about her diagnosis with two neurological conditions. Dyslexia, characterized by difficulty processing written language, and proopagnosia, better known as face blindness, or the inability to recognize familiar faces or one's own face. Victoria was born in 1977 to King Carl I 16th Gustav of Sweden and German Brazilian Queen Sylvia. At two she was joined by a brother Carl Phillip. According to male preference primogenature, Carl displaced her in the line of succession. But in 1980, Sweden became the first European monarchy to change to absolute primogenature, putting Victoria back in first place in the succession and making her crown princess. She also has a younger sister, Meline. Victoria enjoyed school but struggled to read and was bullied by her classmates. She later wrote that she thought she was stupid and slow. Eventually, she was diagnosed with dyslexia. Her father and brother had the same condition, which is often genetic. Growing up in the public eye caused the princess to develop anxiety and anorexia as a teen. At 20, she moved to the United States where she received professional therapy and could escape the pressures of being a princess. She studied political science at Yale

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University and interned at the Swedish Embassy in Washington DC. She returned home where she continued her education in business, diplomacy, agriculture, and forestry and attended military basic training. The princess has gone on a number of diplomatic visits. She attends regular council meetings with her father and has acted as a temporary regent. In 2002, news broke that the princess was dating her personal trainer, Daniel Wesling. The couple lived together for 8 years before marrying at Stockholm Cathedral in 2010. They have two children, Estelle and Oscar. Victoria's two neurological differences are particularly challenging for a royal who is frequently expected to deliver speeches, meet new people, and build relationships. Royals in the past would have attempted to mask these differences, but Victoria has been candid about her neurode divergence and struggles with mental health. She has become an activist and hopes to destigmatize these differences. She has been embraced as downto- earthth and relatable by Swedes who will one day salute her as queen. Don't forget to check out today's sponsor, Train Well. Click my link in the description to take the quiz and start your 14-day free trial. If you enjoyed this video, please like, subscribe, comment your thoughts, and check out my other history videos. You can also join my Patreon to support my work and get early access to all of my multi-part series. Thank you for watching.

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*Источник: https://ekstraktznaniy.ru/video/40571*