# Learn EVERY Chord and Chord Symbol - The 7 Systems

## Метаданные

- **Канал:** Musicians Inspired
- **YouTube:** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyNiY1jzOuQ
- **Дата:** 03.08.2023
- **Длительность:** 56:30
- **Просмотры:** 1,594,181

## Описание

The Complete Chord Formulas Digital Handbook (FREE):
https://musiciansinspired.lpages.co/chord-formulas-handbook/

Thinking about Starting Piano?
► Join the FREE "How to Start Piano" Course:  https://musiciansinspired.teachable.com/p/how-to-start-piano

In this lesson, I teach you how to play every Chord and read every Chord Symbol by taking you through 7 Systems of thinking. Learning the concept of chords, and how they're notated (Chord Symbols), is the beginning to understanding "Chord Style" Piano Playing.

Timestamps
0:00 Introduction to Chords
2:16 Notes
4:04 Intervals
6:19 1st System
15:35 2nd System
28:14 3rd System
30:19 4th System
41:46 5th System
48:31 6th System
51:09 7th System
52:35 Recap
54:37 Chord Voicings
55:22 Next Steps

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Yamaha P-125
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This is a great keyboard for a beginner and also a great keyboard to grow into.

## Содержание

### [0:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyNiY1jzOuQ) Introduction to Chords

all right welcome to this video where you're gonna learn how to play every chord and read every chord symbol you'll ever see in music by learning seven systems of thinking first what are chords they're the harmonic foundation for most western music that help create the overall mood and emotional impact of a piece more specifically there are structured collection of notes used in music to convey Harmony for example in a song you usually have a singer singing The Melody and the rest of the band playing the notes that make up the harmony playing the chords professional musicians use this knowledge to read a special type of music called lead sheets give you the melody and the harmony the chords these symbols represent different chords you can then read the melody line and add the harmony below the melody by playing the notes of the chords foreign also helps you read regular sheet music faster popular music you buy at a music store typically includes the regular sheet music with the notes for the right and left hand as well as the lead sheet type music above it with the melody and the chords being able to read the chords will help you understand how the composer wrote the sheet music which helps you read it faster also with this video I created the chord formulas handbook a quick reference guide to help you become an absolute Master at playing and reading every chord in chord symbol as well as take your first steps into chord style piano playing click up here to download the free handbook or click the link in the video description below all right for the super beginners we're going to start with the concept of notes and build from there if you already understand this concept feel free to skip to this time stamp all right first

### [2:16](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyNiY1jzOuQ&t=136s) Notes

the concept of notes on the keyboard here notice we have a pattern of two and three black notes so two three two three all the way up and down the keyboard around those five black notes there are seven white notes so in total we have 12 unique notes and these 12 notes repeat up and down the keyboard let's learn these notes so the seven white notes are each a letter of the alphabet so the first note here before the two black notes this is the letter c and if we go up the keyboard to the right we're going up consecutive letters so after C is D then e so around these two black notes we have c d e and then after that we go to F right in front of the three black notes then G and then right at G it flips back to a and then B and then look we're back at C right before the two black notes so c d e f g a b and then back at C now the black notes notice that every black note is between two white nodes so the black note here is between a c and a d so this black note can be called a C sharp or a d flat every black note has two names flat means below sharp means above so this note is below D so it's called a d flat this note is also above C so it's called a C sharp and these are the flat and sharp signs

### [4:04](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyNiY1jzOuQ&t=244s) Intervals

all right so now you know notes the next concept you want to learn are called intervals are two notes or the distance between two notes if I have two pennies here I can have a narrow distance or a very wide distance same on the keyboard I could have an interval with a very narrow distance or a very wide distance the interval distance is measured in the number of keys so from one key to the very next key that's called a minor second interval now black and white keys look different but they're all equal the each count is one key so from here to here this is also a minor second distance that's a minor second interval so is here to here that's also minor second this distance of one key to the next these are minor second distances minor second intervals and they're also called half steps the next and wideness we have after a minor second is a major second interval this is also called a whole step distance notice with a major second we have one key between our two notes so this is also a major second because it has one key inside our minor second and major second intervals we have what's called a minor third that has two keys inside and a major third which has three keys inside the next distances the next intervals have unique names so we have a perfect fourth a tritone and a perfect fifth after that it goes back to that pattern of minor major so we have a minor sixth interval then a major minor seventh interval then a Major Seventh interval then finally we have an octave this is from C to C so when you go from one unique note to the next unique note that's an octave right this is a to a this is also an octave all right so now you know notes which

### [6:19](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyNiY1jzOuQ&t=379s) 1st System

are singular intervals which include two notes now we finally get to chords which are three or more notes there are two systems to construct all our standard basic chords the first system we're going to learn is the spatial system looking at how the notes of the chords are spaced out by intervals first we have major and minor chords A major chord is a major third interval like that so we have three keys plus a minor third interval see how we have two keys inside so we have three plus two so that creates a major chord and since we have C at the bottom it's a C major chord a minor chord is the reverse so you have a minor third which has two keys inside and a major third which has three keys inside okay so now let's play an A major chord so first we find a then we need a major third right we have three inside then we need a minor third so we have two inside so now we have an a major chord if you want to make this an A minor chord all we have to do is lower the middle note so now we've shifted that middle note over so now we have two here and three here A minor third plus a major third and if we move it back up now we have three again here and two here alright so our major chord is a major third plus a minor third and if we have a major third plus a major third this is called an augmented chord so two major third intervals is an augmented chord two minor third intervals called a diminished chord these four chord types major minor augmented and diminished are called Triads try means three so these are three note chords now let's learn the chord symbols for the Triad chords here are all the chord symbols for these chords you'll notice here that there are multiple ways to write a chord this is because chord symbols have evolved over time and no standard way of writing symbols has ever been set if you see just the letter alone like this that always means it's a major chord so if you see a c it's a C major chord if the letter is followed by an m a capital m is Major and a lowercase m is minor you'll also see the chord name shorten like this and you'll see these symbols a triangle means major a minus sign means minor a plus sign means augmented and a little circle means diminished and don't worry if you forget all these symbols inside the free chord formulas handbook I organized a complete list of chord symbols for you which you can reference anytime alright so now that you've learned the three note chords let's learn the four note chords are the three note chords plus an extra note now the first four note chord to learn is our Major Seventh chord we can say that a C Major Seventh chord is a C major Triad with a Major Seventh interval so we're playing the c major Triad and adding the note a Major Seventh interval above the C remember all of our interval distances to figure out the note a Major Seventh interval above the C you don't have to count all the way up do instead of that you can count the other way so we have an octave two C's and the Major Seventh interval is just one key from this top C so octave Major Seventh and if we go one more then we get to our minor seventh so our C Major Seventh chord is our C major Triad with a major seventh now this leads us to our next chord which is our C dominant seventh chord and that's a C major Triad with a minor seventh interval so octave Major Seventh minor seventh okay so here's a summary of what we've learned so far we have our four Triads major minor diminished and augmented each with a different combination of major and minor thirds uppercase m means major lowercase m means minor we've also taken that major Triad that major chord and added a Major Seventh interval to get a Major Seventh chord and a minor seventh interval to get a dominant seventh chord we can now do the same with the minor chord A minor chord with a Major Seventh interval is called a minor Major Seventh chord the name describes it well it's a minor chord with a Major Seventh a minor Major Seventh chord A minor chord with a minor seventh interval is called a minor seventh chord so not you can just say a minor seventh chord with the diminished Triad we can add a minor seventh to get what's called a half diminished seventh chord to get a full diminished seventh chord which we just call a diminished seventh chord we play our half diminished seventh and then we lower that top Note One More key so you could say that this is a c diminished Triad with a major sixth interval better way to think of it is three minor thirds because remember our diminished chord is made up of two minor thirds one two now we're just adding another one on top one two so a diminished seventh chord is three minor third intervals lastly an augmented chord with a minor seventh interval is called an augmented seventh chord so these are our seventh chords now let's learn the chord symbols for the seventh chords since our seventh chords are primarily a Triad plus a minor or major seventh interval seventh chord symbols are our Triad symbols plus a minor or major seventh interval symbol for example here's a C Minor triad a c with a lowercase m a c minor seventh chord adds a minor seventh interval so we add a seven just a seven alone means a minor seventh interval the C minor Major Seventh chord has a Major Seventh interval so we write major seven in parentheses capital m means major so we have our tried symbols and our seventh interval symbols so here's all our Triad symbols again to our C Minor triad symbols we can add sevens to create C minor seventh chords again the seven alone means a minor seventh interval and also add the different symbols for major seven in parentheses to create C minor Major Seventh chord symbols capital M seven maj7 and the triangle major sign seven next are augmented seventh chord is an augmented Triad with a minor seventh interval so we just add seven our major Triad can be used to create a Major Seventh chord and a dominant seventh chord the dominant seventh chord has a minor seventh interval so we can add seven after our major Triad symbols however adding a seven after these major Triad symbols is confusing these chord symbols say C Major seven which makes you think of this not this so we actually make these chord symbols our Major Seventh chord symbols this actually makes sense if instead of looking at the symbols like this major Triad symbols with a seven we look at it like this the letter c indicating a major Triad with Major Seventh interval symbols same as over here but without the parentheses less to write lastly from our diminished Triad we can create a half diminished seventh chord and a diminished seventh chord for our diminished seventh chord we just add sevens after our diminished Triad symbol so this is an exception to our rule that a 7 means a minor seventh interval for our half diminished seventh chord we have a special symbol it's the diminished chord circle symbol with a slash through it so this means a c half diminished seventh chord alright so these are our seventh chord symbols our major minor and augmented Triad symbols with a minor seventh interval symbol just the seven our major Triad and minor tried symbols with Major Seventh interval symbols our diminished seventh chord symbols which break the rule of the seven meaning a minor seventh interval and our special half diminished seventh chord symbol all

### [15:35](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyNiY1jzOuQ&t=935s) 2nd System

right so we just finished learning the spatial system of playing our standard basic chords how chords are spaced out by intervals we had our Triad chords spaced out by major and minor thirds and our seventh chords with Triads and major and minor seventh intervals the second system of how to play all our standard basic chords is the major scale degree system thinking of each note of the chord as a degree of the major scale here's the c major scale ordered sequence of notes notice that the c major scale is just all seven letters c d e f g a b and then you're back at C so it's just all seven letters with that first note repeated let's try the a major scale so here's a and then here's the a major scale now notice it's the same thing all seven letters are present A B C D E F G and then back to a it's just that here the C the F the G are Sharp every major scale is playing all seven letters the scales just differ in which letters are sharp and flatted the F major scale starting on F here is just f g a b c d e f and notice here that the B is flatted what all major scales have in common is they're all spaced out the same way this is the major scale formula whole step half step whole step remember a whole step is a major second interval so from one key and then two keys up so you have one key inside and a half step is a minor second interval just one key to the next start on any note and use this formula to create a major scale so starting here on C we have a whole step and then another here it changes to a half step so we just go to the next key and then after that we have a whole step then another whole step and then finally we have a half step so from just one key to the next key I can start on any key on the keyboard use that formula and I'll have a major scale now let's try B flat so here's a B flat means below so here's our B flat and now we start on our B flat now we have a whole sip up another whole step now a half step now whole step another whole step and then finally we have a half step foreign since there are 12 unique notes seven white notes and five black notes we have 12 starting places to apply the formula so we have 12 major scales here are the seven major scales starting on a white note and then here are the five major scales starting on a black note each of those scales is spaced out the same way with that major scale formula and each of those scales has eight notes eight scale degrees one two three four five six seven eight now here's how you create chords from scale degrees so here's our C major scale again one two three four five six seven eight now when you play the first third and Fifth Scale degree of a major scale you get a major chord so our major chord is one three five if you play 135 of a C major scale you get a C major chord same if you played one three five of an a major scale you would get an A major chord Now to create the other chords we sharp and flat scale degrees so to play a minor chord all we do is we flat the three so we're taking that three and moving it down a key we're flatting it so now we have one flat three five our C diminished chord is one flat three flat five so our augmented chord is one three sharp five so sharp means we're raising it up a key so this is five this is sharp five now say we want to play a chords so here's our a scale one two three four five six seven eight so our a major chord is one three five our minor chord is one flat three five our diminished chord is one flat three flat five and our augmented chord is one three sharp five so we're just taking the first third and Fifth Scale degrees of the scale and flatting and sharpening scale degrees the first scale degree is called the root of the chord so the root of a c chord is C and the root of an a chord is a the third scale degrees are called the third of the chord and the Fifth Scale degrees are called the fifth of the chord now let's look at our four note chords so will be using the first third fifth and seventh scale degrees so if we have our C major scale again one two three four five six seven eight this is our one three five and seven so we're gonna play all the different four note chords Now by adjusting the three the five and the Seven either flatting or sharping so when we do nothing just one three five seven that's our C Major Seventh chord now if we flat the seven that's our C dominant seventh chord we can also adjust the Fifth Scale degree here on the dominant seventh chord so we can sharp the five that creates a c dominant seventh sharp V chord notice that these four notes are also the augmented seventh chord we learned in the spatial system of thinking the one three sharp five is an augmented Triad and the flat 7 creates a minor seventh interval with the root so in the spatial system of thinking we have an augmented Triad with a minor seventh interval so we can think of it as an augmented seventh chord and now that we're thinking in major scale degrees we can also think of this as a dominant seventh chord one three five flat seven with a sharp five we can also flat the five so here's us back at the five now we're going to Flat the five this creates a c dominant seventh flat five chord next we have our C minor seventh chord which is a one flat three five flat seven and then we also have our C minor Major Seventh chord which is a one flat three five seven Sonata flat seven a seven foreign and then we have our half diminished seventh chord which is a one flat three flat five flat seven and then we have our diminished seventh chord which is the same except we're going to double flat the seventh so one flat three flat five double flat seven so seven flat seven double flat seventh and yes this is also the sixth scale degree but usually musicians will say double flighted seventh so the seventh scale degree flatted twice all right and here's a summary of all the standard basic chords in the major scale degree system of thinking both the Triads and the seventh chords one thing I want you to notice on this chart is the minor seventh and the half diminished seventh chords what is the difference between these two chords if you notice the half diminished seventh chord is the same except that the Fifth Scale degree is flatted the minor seventh is one flat three five flat seven and the half diminished seventh is one flat three flat five flat seven so you could say that the half diminished seventh chord is a minor seventh chord with a flat five if you remember our symbol for the half diminished seventh chord it's a circle with a slash through it another way to write C half diminished seventh is C minor seven flat five right because it's the same thing as that minor seventh chord with a flat five these are two ways to write the same chord these both have the same notes so as you can see now that you have a knowledge of the major scale degree system of thinking you can read even more chord symbols with scale degree designations like flat five so here are the chord symbols for the C half diminished seventh chord we have the C minor seven flat five also more rarely you might see a C minor seven minus five flat five and minus five mean the same thing other chords we learned also have major scale degree designations we have our C dominant seventh sharp five chord also called our C augmented seventh chord and we have our C dominant seventh flat five chord we have our symbols that we've already learned so we have that c OG 7 and that c plus seven so C OG and C plus both mean c augmented and then you have the 7 after it then here we can also see the chords as a C7 chord so C dominant seventh chord with a sharp five or a plus five and then with our C dominant seventh flat five chord we have the flat five or minus five so now that we understand how the major scale degree system works we can now read chord symbols with major scale degree designations like flat 5 and sharp five what we're sometimes thinking of the chord in a different way like a c dominant seventh chord with a sharp five instead of an augmented seventh chord additionally as far as symbols go musicians may think of the chord the same way but write them differently with different uses of superscripts and parentheses a superscript is a number or letter written slightly above another character like in first so the St is a superscript you can have five different musicians write out C minor seven flat five differently you can have C minor seven flat 5 with no superscripts you can have it with the flat 5 superscripted but not the seven you can put that superscripted flat 5 in parentheses you can have both the 7 and the flat 5 superscripted and you can have that flat 5 in parentheses these are all the same chord just different ways of writing it depending on what pocket of the music world you're in alright now you know the spatial and major scale degree systems of playing all the standard basic chords ultimately you'll use a combination of both of these understandings for example with the diminished seventh chord many find it easier to visualize it spatially as three minor third intervals instead of one flat three flat five double flat seven however as we move on to the next systems of thinking you'll rely more on the major scale degree system ultimately you gain what's called chord Vision somebody says playing a major seven and you intuitively know what that looks and feels like we just did the first step to chord Vision understanding conceptually what the chords are next download the chord formulas handbook print out the standard basic chord formulas Pages an experiment playing through all the chord formulas going through that process you'll really start to internalize the chords and begin to develop chord vision all right now we're going to learn the

### [28:14](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyNiY1jzOuQ&t=1694s) 3rd System

next three systems of thinking replacing adding and omitting we're going to replace add and omit notes from the standard basic chords we've just learned to create new types of chords so first is replacing here's our C major chord the scale degrees are one three five now we can replace that three and play a four instead a c suspended four chord we can also replace that three with a two Instead This is called a c suspended two chord both of these chords feel like you're suspended in air and you want to hit the ground there's a sense of needing to resolve this wants to come down to here and this year wants to come up to here you can also resolve to the Minor triad and you'll notice the sus4 has a stronger need to resolve than the sus2 and for the chord symbols we just write our C major chord symbol followed by sus4 and sus2 the sus stands for suspended now also if we add the flat 7 to that so 1 3 5 flat 7 we have our dominant seven chord and we can replace that three with this dominant seven chord as well so instead of three we can play four and now you have a C7 suspended four chord or you can play two and now you have a C7 suspended two chord and symbols wise we do the same thing we would write C7 followed by sus4 or sus2 so those are our dominant seven suspended chords and one more thing with chord symbols if it just says C sus or C7 sus it's referring to the sus4 chord alright so these are the chord types where we replace notes so replacing the three for the four or two the next system of thinking is

### [30:19](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyNiY1jzOuQ&t=1819s) 4th System

adding notes to our basic chords first we can add the sixth scale degree to our major and minor Triads so here's our C major Triad our C major chord and we add the sixth scale degree that's a C major sixth chord and if we have a Minor triad with the sixth scale degree that's a C minor six chord these are the six chords so this is our first new chord from adding notes to our standard basic chords adding the sixth scale degree to major and minor Triads to create six chords and these are the symbols for the six chords if it just says C6 that's a C major sixth chord and for the rest of the symbols it's the same you have capital M in lowercase M you have a shortened version of the chord names and you have the triangle major sign and the minus minor sign next as far as adding notes to our basic chord we can add what are called extension nodes so our Triad scale degrees are one three five and our seventh chord seven and we have different sharps or flats to those scale degrees depending on what type of chord it is now notice these are all odd numbers so every other number starting from one now we can continue from that seven to eight and keep going to nine ten eleven twelve and thirteen and we can extend our chord to include those odd numbers of 9 11 and 13. so we're continuing going up odd numbers one three five seven nine eleven thirteen these are our extension notes this 9 11 and 13. we can add these extension notes to our standard basic chords suspended chords and six chords so for example with our major and minor Triads we can add the nine so here's our C major chord with the nine that's our C major add9 chord we can also have the C minor with the ninth scale degree that's our C minor add nine chord you can also have the csus4 chord and add the ninth scale degree that gives you a c sus4 add 9 chord and you can also have your C major six chord with your ninth scale degree and now you could call this a C6 add 9 chord where we write add nine just like our last two chords but more commonly this chord is given a special symbol it's written as C six slash nine so it's like a c chord with a six and a nine so you write C six slash nine and we can also have that minor six chord with the nine and here too instead of writing C minor six add nine it's more common to write C minor six slash nine so these are called six nine chords they have their own special symbol but generally speaking when a composer adds nine to a chord they'll write add 9 after the chord same with adding the other extensions 11 and 13. they'll write add 11 and add 13. okay so I just showed you examples of adding extensions to our Triads suspended chords and six chords now let's add extensions to our seventh chords with seventh Chords it's a little bit different say we have a C Major Seventh chord and then we add the ninth scale degree you don't write C Major seven add nine instead you would write C major nine this is called a C major ninth chord when we add the ninth scale degree to seventh chords we get what are called ninth chords say we have our C minor seventh chord and we add the ninth scale degree this creates a C minor ninth chord we don't write C minor seven add nine we write C minor 9. if we have a c dominant seventh chord at the ninth scale degree this creates a c dominant ninth chord we don't write C7 add9 we write C9 so here we have our seventh chords and our seventh chord symbols from before when we add 9 to all these chords they become ninth chords and all the sevens become nines now let's look at our dominant seventh chord again when we add the ninth scale degree it becomes a c dominant ninth chord so we would write C9 now when we add the nine and the eleven it becomes an 11th chord so this is a c dominant 11th chord and we write C eleven now what happens if we didn't include the nine and we just had the eleven then it's not an eleventh chord instead we would call it a C7 add 11 chord so it's only an 11th chord if it includes both the 9 and the 11. foreign now when we add the 9 the 11 and the 13 we have a 13th chord so this is our C dominant thirteenth chord and we would write C13 it needs to include all the extensions that came before it to be a 13th chord now what if we just had the 13 then it would be a C7 add 13 chord we have the C7 where it's all connected and then we're adding the 13 on top now what happens if we have our C7 our nine we don't play the 11 but we play the 13. well all of this is connected so that's a C9 and so we would write C9 add 13. so this is a C9 add 13 chord and it's the same with all of our other seventh chords so here's our C Major seven our C major nine our C major 11 and our C major 13. and this is a C major 7 add 13. now you may have noticed something our first note of the major scale is one no is the eighth note they're both C's the rest of our scale degrees two three four five six and seven are the same unique notes as 9 10 11 12 13 and 14. so by playing one three five seven and nine eleven thirteen we actually cover the seven unique notes within a scale if we go up another odd number to 15 we're back at C that's why we don't have a 15th chord we already have a c are one next we can add altered notes to our chords this is where we flat and sharp our extensions so for example we could take our dominant seventh chord one three five flat seven we could add the nine or how about a flat nine that's called a c dominant seventh flat nine chord we're altering the nine lowering the nine one key to make it a flat nine flat nine is an altered note another example is how about we play the Major Seventh chord with an eleven we can now alter the eleven raising it one key to make it a sharp 11. so these are examples of altered notes altering the extensions by sharping or flatting them let's learn all the alteration possibilities so here's our seventh chord structure and here are the extensions 9 11 and 13. now these are all the possible alterations we have flat 9 sharp 11 and flat 13. so just like our extensions we can add altered extensions to the chords we've learned there's actually a special dominant seventh chord primarily used in jazz where you add all four of these altered extensions so it's a C7 flat 9 sharp 11 flat 13 chord this chord is called a C7 alt chord and instead of writing all of that composers just write C7 alt this means a dominant seventh chord where you play some or all of the altered extensions it's some are all because Jazz is an improvisational art form you improvise now also what are considered altered notes are the flat 5 and sharp five now here what note is our Fifth Scale degree well it's a g and the flat 5 is a g flat and the sharp five is the G sharp notice that our sharp 11 and flat 13 are the same notes g flat and G sharp so flat 5 has the same letter name as sharp 11 and sharp 5 is the same letter name as flat 13. that's why some people will also describe the C7 alt chord as a C7 chord with flat 5 sharp five flat 9 and sharp nine instead of all the altered extensions jazz is a very improvisational art form and from my experience the way they write and describe chord symbols can also be quite improvisational so in summary to seventh chords composers can add extensions altered extensions and sharp and flat the five chord symbols wise this is how I like to write Out chords with added extensions and alterations so we have our root so if we're playing a C chord the root is C if we're playing a G chord the root is G then we have our chord quality major minor diminished augmented Etc then we have a designation of a seventh ninth 11th or 13th chord and then in parentheses we have the added extensions and or alterations so here we have a C Major seven add an 11. so we're adding an 11 extension now let's alter that 11. so now we have a C Major seven sharp 11. notice we don't write the word add with altered notes again chord symbol usage isn't standardized so it's possible you will see add sharp 11 somewhere ultimately it doesn't matter as long as you understand what somebody is saying now as we've already learned if I play a C Major seven and then add the 9 11 and 13 we get a C major 13th chord now what if inside that c major 13 I want the 11 sharped then we'd write C major 13 Sharp 11. sharp 11 in parentheses is letting the reader know that the 11 within the c major 13 is sharped now what if I skip the 9 and just added the sharp 11 and 13. then I'd write C major 7 and the sharp 11 and 13 in parentheses like this some people instead of a comma will write a slash like this and you might see the numbers written on top of each other like this so you have the 13 and then the sharp 11 below it the larger numbers will always be written on the top so that's everything a composer can add to the standard basic chords our Triads and seventh chords they can add the sixth scale degree to our Triads to create six chords extensions to our standard basic chords as well as altered notes to our standard basic chords then in addition to our standard basic chords we can also add extensions to our suspended chords and six chords okay our next system of

### [41:46](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyNiY1jzOuQ&t=2506s) 5th System

thinking is omitting notes there are a lot of reasons why you'd want to remove notes from your chord the first reason is an instrument's limitation I'm teaching You on piano I have 10 fingers so my limit is being able to play 10 notes at a time however on an instrument like guitar you're limited to six notes a guitar only has six strings so only six notes can sound at the same time well what if I want to play a C13 chord a C7 chord with all the extensions that's seven notes so on guitar I would have to Omit one of these notes but which one do I get rid of we need to get rid of a note that will cause the least amount of confusion well we can't get rid of the one the root imagine how much confusion that would cause if I got rid of the C in a c chord the 13 is also important because we're playing a 13th chord it wouldn't be a 13th chord without the 13. the three and the Seven are important because they tell us what type of seventh chord we're playing in the three most common seventh chords the three and the Seven are different in our Major Seventh chord we have a three and a seven in our dominant flat seven and in our minor seventh chord we have a flat three and a flat seven the three and seven really Define what type of seventh chord it is notice besides the root what note is the same in every chord the five every one of those chords has a five the five does nothing to tell your ear what type of chord is being played so if we're forced to get rid of one of these notes it would be the five foreign who can only play six notes can omit the five from the chord and play a C13 omit five without confusing anyone foreign because we still have that three and flat 7. the 9 and 11 are also not as important this leads us to the second reason why you would omit a note from a chord it's to make the chord less tense if you wanted to make a less tense version of this chord you might remove the 11 as well the reason this sounds less tense is because the 11 was clashing with a three the reason the 11 and the three Clash is because the interval they create is very tense sounding certain intervals are tense sounding like this minor second call this tenth sound dissonant other intervals are the opposite of tense sounding pleasing and stable like this perfect fifth we call this consonant sounding the intervals a chord is made up of will determine its sound as far as dissonance and consonants goes chords are made up of many intervolic relationships for example our seventh chord is made up of six intervals so we play a seventh chord one three five seven we have this interval here happening and so you're hearing all of those interval relationships when you hear a seventh chord when you add the 9 11 and 13. you're hearing 21 interbolic relationships at the same time so here's all our intervals again the dissonant intervals are minor second major second tritone minor seventh and Major Seventh note that there are degrees of dissonance this minor second feels more dissonant than this major second the intervals are everything else so back to our C13 omit 5. what is this mysterious dissonant interval between the three and the 11. this is a minor knife interval the notes are E and F the 3 is an e one e to the next D is an octave a perfect eighth after perfect eighth we have a minor ninth our dissonant sounding minor ninth is an e and an f and our dissonant sounding minor second is also an e and an F the minor second and minor ninth are counterpart intervals sound the same as far as dissonance and consonants goes can omit the 11 to get rid of the dissonant minor knife interval and make the chord sound less tense and dense in the chord symbols besides the word omit you'll also see the word no so C13 No 5 no 11. the last reason you'd want to Omit a note from a chord is to create what are called power chords so here's our C major chord if we omit the three we create what's called a power chord is commonly used in rock music it's a very consonant chord so rock musicians can add a lot of distortion and overdrive effects to it you'll hear this chord in songs like Iron Man by Black Sabbath and Smells Like Teen Spirit by Nirvana notice that by omitting the three we omit the note that determines whether the chord is major or minor now I know you're looking at this and saying isn't that just a perfect fifth interval it's only two notes typically when playing a power chord you'll also double the root like this side C Note 3 people also write the power chord as C5 okay so that's replacing adding and omitting and you can actually do all three at the same time so here's the C7 a standard basic chord now let's add the nine now it's C9 chord let's replace the three for the four and let's omit the five we can call this a C9 suspended four no five chord the next system of thinking is using

### [48:31](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyNiY1jzOuQ&t=2911s) 6th System

alternate bass notes in our chords so for example we could play a G major chord and below that G major chord we can add a b so we'd write this chord as G slash B this is called a slash chord the G represents the chord and the letter after the slash represents the bass note the lowest note also notice the B is within our G chord it's the three of the chord so we could also play an inversion of this chord where we move the G from down here to up here foreign we also have the notes of the G chord just with the B as the lowest note composers will use these slash chords if they want to emphasize the bass notes and create a melodic line in the bass for example we could have three chords C major chord that g slash B chord we just learned and an A minor chord so C major G over B a minor see how that creates this Baseline of C B A versus without the Slash this descending line that's created from the chords is called a walk down it can also be called a line cliche next instead of the root as the bass note composers can use a different note of the chord to color a chord sound differently for example the notes of the G chord are g b d g slash B and G slash d feel less resolved less stable so composers can use slash chords for this effect now another way composers use slash chords is to make it easier for somebody to mentally process a chord for example you could have a B flat c chord this is pretty quick to understand you just play a B flat chord and a c below it this chord is also a C11 no 305. for many people B-flat C is a quicker way to process this chord

### [51:09](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyNiY1jzOuQ&t=3069s) 7th System

alright our final system of thinking is stacking chords on top of each other also called poly chords a poly chord is written as fraction for example you might see D over C7 so D in the numerator and C7 in the denominator this represents two chords it means to play a D major chord over a C7 chord do you notice anything here with this poly chord well when we play a D major chord over a C7 chord it's also our C13 sharp 11 chord right one three five flat seven nine sharp 11 13. so poly chords just like our slash chords can be used as symbols that make it easier to process a chord for a lot of people it's easier to process this chord as a D major chord over a C7 chord instead of a C13 sharp 11 chord now they're also more advanced uses of poly chords where they're used to create complex harmonies that's out of the scope of this video but now if you ever see the symbol you know what it means you're just stacking two chords on top of each other alright you made it we

### [52:35](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyNiY1jzOuQ&t=3155s) Recap

just went from learning the notes of the keyboard to poly chord fractions so in summary we learned how to play our standard basic chords through two systems of thinking the spatial system processing chords as intervals and the major scale degree system processing chords as degrees of the major scale we then learned how to adjust those standard basic chords Through replacing adding and omitting notes to create new chords we can replace the three of the chord for two or four to create suspended chords we can add the sixth scale degree to our major and minor Triads to create six chords then to our standard basic chords suspended chords and six chords we can add extensions and alterations we can also omit notes from the chord to make it sound less tense and dense or to create power chords we then went on to use alternate bass notes in our chord to create slash chords and stacking chords on top of each other to create poly chords both of these systems of thinking can be used to process a chord faster we can actually view our different systems of thinking in terms of the time required to mentally process Accord the spatial system requires a lot of mental processing time to see all those intervals the major scale degree system is a bit faster if you know your major scales the use of alternate bass notes or chord stacking can further reduce mental processing time for many people however as we learned it's important to understand a chord spatially by intervals because it informs us on why chord sounds dissonant or consonant that's why it's also important to understand the spatial system these are the seven systems of thinking to play every chord you will see in music if for some reason you see a chord that wasn't covered today you'll still be able to reason it out based on what you've learned today for example you might see a c add two chord you know that c add 9 is a C major chord and then you add the ninth scale degree so you can reason out that a c add two is a C major chord where you add the second scale degree lastly we learned all the chords today

### [54:37](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyNiY1jzOuQ&t=3277s) Chord Voicings

but not chord voicings I like to compare chords versus chord voicings as two different chicken soup recipes chords tell you the soup has olive oil garlic onion celery carrots chicken legs and water chord voicings tell you how much of each ingredient and how to prepare them here's the c major chord c e and G and here's a C major chord voicing notice here we have three C's one e and two G's and they're spread out in a unique way across the keyboard in the chord formulas handbook as a last minute Edition I actually added a final chapter on the standard basic chord voicings both Triad and seventh chord voicings in

### [55:22](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyNiY1jzOuQ&t=3322s) Next Steps

terms of next steps download the handbook have fun exploring everything we've learned today and become an absolute Master at playing and reading every chord and chord symbol then learn the standard basic chord voicings and take your first steps into professional chord style piano playing alright that's it for this lesson thanks so much for watching I'll see you in another video thank you foreign

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*Источник: https://ekstraktznaniy.ru/video/52503*